Chopukusira mchere chamagetsi chimasowa mphamvu ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chodzaza chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa injini, kulephera kwa batri, chinyezi, kapena kuchuluka kwa zinyalala mu makina opukusira. Mavutowa amachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kugaya ndipo amachititsa kuti ntchito zilephereke zomwe zimakhumudwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kufunafuna zotsatira zokhazikika za zokometsera. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa kumathandiza ogula kuthetsa mavuto ndikupanga zisankho zolondola pogula zida zatsopano zakukhitchini.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kuchepa kwa Mphamvu Yopera

Kuwonongeka kwa injini ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe mphamvu ya chopukusira mchere yamagetsi imatayika. Ma DC motors omwe ali mkati mwa zida izi ali ndi maburashi ndi ma commutator omwe amawonongeka pakapita nthawi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kosalekeza kumapangitsa kuti zinthuzi ziwonongeke, zomwe zimachepetsa liwiro lozungulira komanso kutulutsa mphamvu. Ma grinder ambiri amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito ma motors omwe ali ndi ma revolutions 3,000 mpaka 10,000 pamphindi akangoyamba kumene, koma magwiridwe antchito awa amatsika kwambiri patatha maola 100 akugwira ntchito.Bungwe Lapadziko Lonse Loyimira Malamuloamakhazikitsa njira zoyesera kuti aone ngati injini yaing'ono ndi yolimba, ngakhale kuti zinthu zomwe ogula amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri sizimayesedwa bwino. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akukumana ndi vuto la kutayika kwa mphamvu mwadzidzidzi ayenera choyamba kuyang'ana momwe mabatire amalumikizirana ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka magetsi ndikutsanzira zizindikiro za kulephera kwa injini.

Kuwonongeka kwa batire kumakhudza kwambiri makina opukusira mchere amagetsi opanda zingwe. Maselo a lithiamu-ion kapena nickel-metal hydride omwe amabwezeretsedwanso amataya mphamvu pambuyo pokuchajidwa mobwerezabwereza. Batire yomwe kale inali ndi mphindi 45 zopukujidwa mosalekeza imatha kugwira ntchito mphindi 15 zokha pambuyo pochajidwa 300. Voliyumu ya batire imatsika pansi pa katundu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injiniyo isamagwire ntchito pokonza makristalo olimba amchere. Kutentha kwambiri kumathandizira kuti batire ikalambe—kusunga makina opukujira m'makhitchini otentha kapena m'firiji kumafupikitsa nthawi ya batire kwambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusintha mabatire ndi maselo osankhidwa ndi wopanga kuti apitirize kupereka mphamvu moyenera.

Kumvetsetsa Njira Zopangira Jam mu Makina Opukutira Mchere

Kudzaza kwa chopukusira mchere kumachitika pamene chinyezi chikulowa m'chipinda chopukusira. Mchere wa patebulo umayamwa madzi kuchokera mumlengalenga wonyowa, ndikupanga machubu omwe amalepheretsa makinawo. Mosiyana ndi mchere wa miyala, mchere wa patebulo woyengedwa bwino uli ndi zinthu zotsutsana ndi kuyika zomwe zimatha kudziunjikira ndikupanga zotsalira zomata. Zotsalirazi zimasonkhana pakati pa ma grinding burrs ndi nyumba, pamapeto pake zimaletsa kuzungulira kwathunthu. Kapangidwe ka chipinda chopukusira kamatsimikizira kufooka kwa chinyezi—mapangidwe a chipinda chimodzi amawonetsa malo ambiri pamwamba pa chinyezi kuposa mitundu ya zipinda ziwiri yokhala ndi malo osiyana osungira.

Zinyalala zakunja zimalowa mu makina opera pogwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Nthawi zina ogwiritsa ntchito amayesa kupera zonunkhira zina kapena zinthu zomwe makinawo sangagwire bwino ntchito. Mpunga, tsabola, ndi zitsamba zouma zimapanga njira zosiyana ndi mchere, zomwe zingawononge malo opera kapena kuyambitsa ulusi womwe umamanga zinthu zosuntha. Ogwiritsa ntchito ena amawonjezera mpunga kapena buledi kuti atenge chinyezi, koma zinthuzi zimatha kusiya zotsalira za starch zomwe zimakwiyitsa makinawo. Kugwiritsa ntchito choperacho pokhapokha ngati cholinga chake chikuletsa kudzaza kwa zinyalala.

Mitundu ya Njira Yopukutira ndi Makhalidwe Abwino

Makina opukusira mchere amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zazikulu zopukusira: makina ozungulira ndi makina amphamvu a centrifugal. Makina opukusira a Burr amagwiritsa ntchito malo awiri olumikizana—limodzi lokhazikika ndi lina lozungulira—kuti aphwanye makhiristo a mchere pakati pa mipata yolondola. Mapangidwe awa amapereka kukula kofanana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono koma amafunika kulinganizidwa mosamala kuti agwire ntchito bwino. Makina opukusira a centrifugal amagwiritsa ntchito makina ozungulira mofulumira kwambiri kuti agwetse mchere pakhoma la chipinda, ndikuswa makhiristo kudzera mu kugunda m'malo moponderezedwa. Ngakhale kuti mapangidwe ake ndi ofulumira, amapanga kutentha kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kosagwirizana.

Kulinganiza ma burr kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu. Ma burr osalinganika bwino amapanga mphamvu yosagaya bwino, zomwe zimafuna mphamvu yochulukirapo ya injini kuti zikwaniritse zomwezo. Kulekerera kwa mafakitale nthawi zambiri kumalola kusiyana kwa millimeter 0.1 mpaka 0.3 pa malo a burr, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Ma burr a ceramic amakhala ndi kuthwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri koma ndi ofooka kwambiri ndipo amatha kusweka chifukwa cha kugunda. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuyang'ana m'mbali mwa ma burr kuti awone kuwonongeka komwe kumawoneka mavuto amagetsi akabuka mwadzidzidzi.

Njira Zodzitetezera Zosamalira

Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kumawonjezera moyo wa chopukusira cha mchere chamagetsi. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusokoneza chipinda chopukusira sabata iliyonse ndikuchotsa zotsalira za mchere ndi burashi youma. Mpweya woponderezedwa umachotsa zinyalala m'malo ovuta kufikako pakati pa zinyalala. Musagwiritse ntchito madzi pazinyalala za mchere—mchere wosungunuka umasungunuka ukauma ndipo umapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsekeka kwakukulu kuposa vuto loyamba. Opanga ena amalimbikitsa mapiritsi ena oyeretsera omwe adapangidwa kuti azitha kuyamwa chinyezi ndikuswa zotsalira mosamala.

Kusunga bwino zinthu kumateteza kudzaza kwa madzi chifukwa cha chinyezi. Zipangizo zopukusira mchere ziyenera kukhala zotsekedwa ngati sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka makinawo akuyang'ana mmwamba kuti chinyezi chisalowe m'malo osungiramo zinthu chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka. Mapaketi a desiccant omwe amaikidwa pafupi ndi malo osungiramo zinthu amachepetsa chinyezi. Ogwiritsa ntchito m'malo ozizira ayenera kuganizira zopukusira zamagetsi zokhala ndi ma hopper otsekedwa kapena mapangidwe a zipinda ziwiri zomwe zimalekanitsa mchere ndi chinyezi. Kusungirako mufiriji sikuthandiza chifukwa chinyezi chimachitika mukachotsa zida zozizira m'makhitchini ofunda.

Kuthetsa Mavuto a Flowchart

Chotsukira mchere chamagetsi chikataya mphamvu, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kutsatira njira yodziwira matenda mwadongosolo:

1. Onetsetsani kuti batri yayikidwa bwino ndipo yayikidwa bwino m'chipindacho
2. Tsukani mabatire ndi isopropyl alcohol ngati dzimbiri likuwoneka
3. Yesani makinawo pamanja pozungulira mutu wopera
4. Sonkhanitsani ndikuyang'ana ngati pali zopinga kapena zinyalala zomwe zimawoneka
5. Yang'anani ngati pali phokoso lachilendo losonyeza kuwonongeka kwa injini kapena giya
6. Sinthani mabatire kapena funani akatswiri okonza ngati mavuto akupitirira

Pamene Kusintha Kukufunika

Makina opukusira mchere amagetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka ziwiri kapena zinayi akagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Ma mota omwe amapanga phokoso lolira, lopera, kapena lolira amasonyeza kuti mphamvu yatha. Kutaya mphamvu kwathunthu komwe kumayenderana ndi fungo loyaka kumasonyeza mavuto amagetsi omwe amaika nkhawa zachitetezo. Pazochitika zotere, kusintha ndi kotetezeka kuposa kukonza. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuwunika makina opukusira ndi mabatire osinthika ndi mapangidwe a modular omwe amathandizira kukonza kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chitsimikizo cha chitsimikizo chimasiyana kwambiri pakati pa opanga. Ambiri amapereka chitsimikizo chochepa chokhudza zolakwika zopanga kwa masiku 90 mpaka zaka ziwiri. Umboni wa zofunikira zogulira umatanthauza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusunga malisiti. Zitsimikizo zina zowonjezera zimapezeka kudzera m'masitolo ogulitsa kapena opereka chithandizo chachitatu, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri chitetezo sichimachotsa kuwonongeka kwa batri ndi kuwonongeka kwakuthupi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika.

Kusankha Chotsukira Mchere Chamagetsi Chodalirika

Zizindikiro zabwino za makina opukusira mchere amagetsi zimaphatikizapo zofunikira pa injini, zipangizo zomangira, ndi zida zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito angasinthe. Makina opanda burashi amakhala nthawi yayitali koma amawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa mapangidwe achikhalidwe opukusira. Zipinda zopukusira zotsekedwa zimaletsa kulowa kwa chinyezi bwino kuposa mapangidwe otseguka. Makina opukusira omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere wowoneka bwino amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anira mphamvu yotsala ndikutsitsimutsa zinthu asanayambe ntchito. Zinthu zopukusira zitsulo zimaposa pulasitiki mu mayeso olimba omwe amachitidwa ndi mabungwe owunikira zinthu za ogula.

• Yang'anani ma mota opanda maburashi okhala ndi ziwerengero zosonyeza nthawi yogwira ntchito
• Sankhani zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena zida zopukutira za ceramic
• Sankhani mitundu yokhala ndi zipinda zosungiramo zinthu zotsekedwa
• Tsimikizani kupezeka kwa batri musanagule
• Ganizirani za makampani omwe amapereka zida zosinthira

Zinthu Zofunika Kuganizira Pachitetezo

Zipangizo zamagetsi zopukusira mchere zimakhala ndi zinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimafunika kusamalidwa mosamala. Ogwiritsa ntchito sayenera kumiza chipangizo choyambira m'madzi kapena kuchiyika m'makina otsukira mbale. Zipinda za mabatire ziyenera kukhala zouma, ndipo zizindikiro zilizonse za dzimbiri lamagetsi zimafunika kuunikiridwa ndi akatswiri. Zipangizo zina zopukusira zimagwiritsa ntchito mabatire osatha kubwezeretsedwanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuganizira zotaya. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion amafunika njira zina zobwezeretsanso zinthu kuti apewe kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe. Malangizo okwanira achitetezo a zida zazing'ono zamagetsi akupezeka kuchokera kuNISTkuthandiza ogula kumvetsetsa njira zoyenera zosamalira.

Mapeto

Kutayika kwa mphamvu ya chopukusira mchere chamagetsi ndi kutsekeka kwake kumachokera ku kuwonongeka kwa injini, kuwonongeka kwa batri, kulowa kwa chinyezi, ndi kusonkhanitsa zinyalala. Kusamalira nthawi zonse kumateteza mavuto ambiri ogwirira ntchito, pomwe kusungirako bwino kumawonjezera moyo wa zida. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akukumana ndi mavuto opitilira ayenera kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili m'malo mopitiliza kuthetsa mavuto. Kumvetsetsa mitundu ya makina ndi zizindikiro zabwino kumathandiza ogula kusankha zida zolimba zomwe zimapereka magwiridwe antchito okhazikika pazaka zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito kukhitchini.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi chopukusira mchere chamagetsi chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Makina opukusira mchere amagetsi nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito bwino kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zinayi akagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Moyo wa injini umadalira kuchuluka kwa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndipo makina ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amachepa mofulumira kuposa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito nthawi zina.

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito chopukusira changa chamagetsi popangira zonunkhira zina kupatula mchere?

Makina ambiri opukusira mchere amagetsi amapangidwira mchere ndipo amatha kuwonongeka kapena kupanga zotsatira zosiyana ndi zonunkhira zina. Yang'anani zomwe wopanga amapanga musanagwiritse ntchito zinthu zina.

N’chifukwa chiyani chopukusira changa chimagwira ntchito bwino ndikatsuka?

Kuyeretsa kumachotsa zotsalira zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa pakati pa malo opukutira, kubwezeretsa malo oyenera ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa injini. Zotsalira zimagwira ntchito ngati chotetezera ndipo zimapangitsa kukangana kwina komwe kumalepheretsa kuzungulira.

Kodi ndiyenera kusunga makina opukusira mchere mufiriji?

Sikoyenera kusungira mufiriji. Kusunga mufiriji kumabweretsa kuzizira pamene chipangizocho chachotsedwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimayambitsa chinyezi chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto a kutsekeka ndi kutsekeka. Malangizo ena osungira angapezeke mumalangizo opezera mwayi wopezekazomwe zimafotokoza momwe zipangizo za kukhitchini zimagwiritsidwira ntchito moyenera.